O que é o Gerenciamento do Sangue do Paciente (PBM)?
A sigla PBM se origina das palavras em inglês Patient Blood Management, que é o Gerenciamento do Sangue do próprio Paciente.
O que isso significa?
O PBM representa um conjunto de estratégias, clínicas e cirúrgicas, baseadas em evidências científicas, que evitam o uso de transfusões de sangue, principalmente em pacientes cirúrgicos, por causa dos seus importantes efeitos imunomodulatórios.
Quais são os objetivos do PBM?
Reduzir as transfusões de sangue, e com isso:
- Reduzir chance de infecções
- Reduzir tempo de internação
- Reduzir a taxa de óbitos
- Reduzir custos
Evidências científicas:
A relevância do assunto chamou a atenção da Revista Nature que, em 2015, lançou o editorial que consta na imagem abaixo:
Em 2021, a OMS declarou que é urgente a implementação do PBM em virtude de: maior segurança para o paciente, economia de recursos públicos de saúde, escassez nos bancos de sangue (uma situação mundial), envelhecimento da população reduzindo cada vez mais o número de doadores de sangue, e as prováveis novas pandemias.
No Brasil, o PBM tem recebido uma atenção especial, desde 2019, por parte da Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM/Unifesp) e do Hospital São Paulo (HSP/HU UNIFESP/ SPDM), que tem sido pioneira em incluir o PBM no ensino de Graduação em Medicina, Pós-graduação como linha de pesquisa, capacitação na Residência Médica, e assistência em saúde no Hospital São Paulo (hospital universitário).
Saiba mais:
Referências bibliográficas
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Autor do Artigo:
Leonardo Medeiros Oliveira
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